Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) is a poxvirus which induces benign, tumour like lesions of the epidermis. MCV DNA is similar to orthopox virus DNA with respect to size (180-200 kb), terminal cross-linking and the presence of an inverted terminal repeat, but shows no cross-hybridisation with vaccinia. Currently two genetic subtypes, MCV1 and MCV2, are recognised although future classification may assign further subtypes. Each sub-type has several variants, all with similar clinical presentation.
DNA transmission requires direct contact with infected skin or contaminated fomites. Molluscum contagiosum usually affects children, but is often associated with compromised immunity. Molluscum contagiosum is also an increasing problem in sexually active individuals. Many clinicians recommend early diagnosis and treatment of genital Molluscum contagiosum lesions to reduce the risk of sexual transmission, autoinoculation and to increase patient quality of life.
The real-time PCR assays can be used for the rapid, sensitive and specific detection of MCV.